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In this week’s installment of YJBM Science News, Majo and Roxanna discuss recent Yale-affiliated research about contraceptives, fertility, and immunology! Can our genetic variants help us predict which birth control method would be the most effective? What can the gut microbiome tell us about the immune systems of multiple sclerosis patients before and after undergoing immunotherapy treatment? Join us as we explore not only the answers to these questions, but also as we learn more about the trials and tribulations of data generation!

Papers featured in this episode:

“Pharmacogenomics of the Etonogestrel Contraceptive Implant: A Genome-Wide Association Study of Steady-State Etonogestrel Concentrations” – https://doi.org/10.1097/og9.0000000000000066
https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/analyzing-genetics-may-lead-to-better-contraceptive-experiences-for-women/

“Allosteric inhibition of the IZUMO1–JUNO fertilization complex by the naturally occurring antisperm antibody OBF13” – https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2425952122
https://news.yale.edu/2025/03/03/scientists-discover-how-naturally-occurring-mechanism-hampers-fertility

“A single-cell atlas of circulating immune cells over the first 2 months of age in extremely premature infants” – https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.adr0942
https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/new-insights-into-preterm-infant-immunity-could-inform-care/

“Alterations in Gut Microbiome-Host Relationships After Immune Perturbation in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis” – https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200355
https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/gut-microbiome-changes-linked-to-multiple-sclerosis-ms-new-study-finds/

Read more about YJBM at:
https://medicine.yale.edu/yjbm/

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Does mRNA play a role in cell migration? Can we use therapeutic vaccines to treat cancers like kidney cancer? Join co-hosts Majo and Roxanna in this week’s installment of YJBM Science News as they discuss the most recent Yale-affiliated biomedical and biological research that answers these questions and more!

Papers featured in this episode:
“Resolving the three-dimensional interactome of human accelerated regions during human and chimpanzee neurodevelopment” – http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.01.007
https://news.yale.edu/2025/02/06/study-sheds-light-genetic-changes-shaped-human-brain-evolution
“A neoantigen vaccine generates antitumour immunity in renal cell carcinoma” – https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08507-5
https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/personalized-therapeutic-vaccine-steers-the-immune-system-to-fight-kidney-cancer/
“G3BP1 ribonucleoprotein complexes regulate focal adhesion protein mobility and cell migration” – https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115237
https://news.yale.edu/2025/02/13/feet-first-understanding-how-mrna-helps-cells-walk
“A human gut bacterium antagonizes neighboring bacteria by altering their protein-folding ability” – https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2025.01.008
https://westcampus.yale.edu/news/2025-02-04-the-hidden-battle-in-your-gut-how-one-bacterium-outsmarts-its-rivals

Read more about YJBM at:
https://medicine.yale.edu/yjbm/
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Welcome back to YJBM Science News! Join us as we discuss the recent news in healthcare and science across the Yale community. Today, Roxanna and our new host Majo will share some of the most intriguing topics of the past few weeks, including the use of AI in diagnostics, cannabinoids as pain therapy, and more!

Papers featured in this episode:

“Heart failure risk stratification using artificial intelligence applied to electrocardiogram images: a multinational study” – https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae914
https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/new-ai-tool-identifies-risk-of-future-heart-failure/

“Nav1.8, an analgesic target for nonpsychotomimetic phytocannabinoids” – https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2416886122
https://news.yale.edu/2025/01/21/cannabinoids-offer-new-hope-safe-and-effective-pain-relief

“Neural Variability and Cognitive Control in Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder” – http://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.55165
https://news.yale.edu/2025/01/17/opioid-use-disorder-might-lead-sticky-brains

“Atgl-dependent adipocyte lipolysis promotes lipodystrophy and restrains fibrogenic responses during skin fibrosis” – https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2024.12.022
https://news.yale.edu/2025/01/29/fat-cells-play-protective-role-fibrosis-development

Read more about YJBM at:
https://medicine.yale.edu/yjbm/

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A few years after the COVID-19 pandemic, we’re still uncovering lessons about how science, communities, and governments can work together to tackle global health challenges. Today, we are joined by Dr. Gonzalo Moratorio, Head of the Experimental Evolution of Viruses Lab at the Institut Pasteur de Montevideo and Associate Professor at the University of the Republic, Uruguay, for a chat about keeping the conversation open between academia and the public, how scientists can shape policymaking, and what the next pandemic might look like.

More about Dr. Moratorio’s research:
https://worldfellows.yale.edu/person/gonzalo-moratorio/
https://pasteur.uy/en/heads-of-labs-and-units/gonzalo-moratorio/

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What is comparative medicine and why is it important for guiding knowledge of human diseases? How does the brain regulate homeostasis of the body? In this episode of the YJBM podcast, our host Amy interviews researcher and professor Dr. Tamas Horvath about the broad and expanding topic of comparative medicine and his research on how neuroendocrine regulation is important in homeostasis and the development of metabolic disorders.